MANAGING PEOPLE AND PERFORMANCE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

MANAGING PEOPLE AND PERFORMANCE - Essay ExampleWhen we talk about diversity, it is mostly meant like defined above hatful belonging to varied cultures and so on. Diversity includes qualities and abilities that be different for every individual and when they meet together in one organization, they bring with them their thoughts, expertise, opinions and so on which are different than our own.Organizations are not only do up of individuals but are made up of teams and groups. They work together to achieve one common organizational goal despite their versatile differences as mentioned above. To bring off such vast workplace diversity is the main concern of the managers today. All the people in the organization are required to work together in peace and harmony so that organizational goals could be realized. HR Managers reserve a duty to come up with different strategies to manage the workforce diversity to improve workplace productivity. Diversity is a valuable asset of any organ ization. This is because if different people are working together, they can create new ideas and products that could result in competitive usefulness for any company.The key activity of the HR managers does not only include how to manage the diverse workforce. It likewise includes how to manage work/life balance and providing diversity training. Looking at the past it can be seen that workforce has changed significantly. More and more women have entered the organizational world and account for almost 50% of the workforce. (Foot and Hook) To allow for the needs of the worklife balance especially for the women with dependent children, flexible working hours are straight off part of the provisions of Employment Act (2002). The work/life balance was not only expel for the women but also for he men who found it hard to manage their personal responsibilities because of heavy workloads. (Robbins and Sanghi. Pg 509). Today, managers have instituted different strategies to provide work/ life balance for all the employees.

Consultant Proposal (Quantitative management) Term Paper

Consultant device (Quantitative concern) - Term Paper Example?Every night (or early morning) the dispatcher prepares a routeing schedule for the succeeding(a) day. Customers or sites to be visited are those based on calls from the previous day (regular-basis operations and one-time operations) or on complaints from sites that were not visited the day before owing to certain circumstances, e.g. breakdown of a truck, or traffic congestion. On a daily basis approximately 200 sites are to be visited and up to 20 diametric types of container are to be handled by a 27-truck fleet. The four types of waste can be transported to around x waste processing facilities. Truck capacity is limited to one container unless a trailer is added. ?When scheduling the usable trucks, several constraints have to be involven into account. Most of them are compatibility constraints such as driver and truck should be seen as a combination not all containers can be put on all trucks driving with dangero us waste requires a special truck and a driver with an book licence there is a relation between waste type and waste processing adeptness customers prefer certain types of container. ... ?from Container Transport a case study by D Cattrysse, K Geeroms, A Proost and C Van der Heyde ASSIGNMENT TASKS ? Examine and present the problem (in your own words), determine what data you would consider to collect to improve operations and where you would obtain this data, examine the literature and present a review, choose and pull out an algorithm, model and/or lift that could be used to encourage operations. Describe how this algorithm/model/approach could be implemented. ? Present your work in the form of a consultants proposal, that is, as if you were consultants who had been asked to assist the company improve operations. ASSESSMENT ELEMENTS ? Assignment Cover sheet. ? Consultants proposal. MARKING SCALE ? manifestation /2 ? Structure /3 ? Data description and source /2 ? Literatu re review /5 ? Solution method /5 ? Solution implementation /3 Total /20 marks QUOTES (TO BE USED IN PAPER) There are promising consulting opportunities, mainly insolid waste management (Sam, 1999, pp. 92). Integrated sustainable waste management is based on good garbage governance, and its goal includes inclusive, financially sustainable and institutionally responsive waste management, which funcitons well for users and providers (United Nations, 2010, pp. 141). BIBLIOGRAPHY Sam PA, 1999. International environmental consulting practice how and where to take advantage of global opportunities. US John Wiley & Sons. United Nations, 2010. Solid waste management in the grounds cities water and sanitation in the worlds Cities 2010. UK UN-HABITAT (United Nations Human Settlements

Health Care Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Health Care Management - Essay ExampleThis course on health criminal maintenance finance gave me the much needed perspective to understand the current health care scenario and the challenges that it faces from the financial perspective. As the course progressed I realized that health care finance is very strategic and relevant with respect to the current health care scenario of rising health care cost and the imply of health care work. The case studies that were analyzed in class gave me an opportunity to learn about the several(a) economic, political and social factors that influence decision making in the field of health care. It gave me an understanding of the various opportunities and dilemmas that health care managers face and I now appreciate the work that goes into ensuring that quality care services are provided to the patients. The case studies challenged me to critically think and evaluate each case material by considering the dilemmas present by each scenario and dev eloping strategies to respond to or resolve these issues. In addition to this, I was as well challenged to identify and prioritize competing issues which helped me to develop my problem-solving skills and improved my ability to analyze and reason rigorously especially when it came to scenarios requiring imaginativeness allocation in view of political constraints and changing market demands.

Environmental Planning Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Environmental intend - Research Paper ExampleThe local planners scrutinize proposed public facilities such as hospitals, schools, parking areas, grocery store places among others. They present their request to the relevant government department so as to get approval as well as funding. They have to keep abreast of social, economic as well as statutory issues for their project to be viable (Levy, 2011). When the government is sure that all the regulations have been followed, they allow the local planners to experience the plan. This improves the living standards of people in the urban areas as well as creating job opportunities.However, the government is dandy to ensure that the project achieve their objectives. They do this by constant evaluations. This ensures that public money and other resources are not misappropriated. In addition, the local planners work together with civic leaders, land developers as well as public officials. They are also charged with the duty of mediati ng in case of disputes. Thus, they are on many an(prenominal) occasions required to defend their proposals before elected official and legislative committee. This ensures that the local developer do not deviate from the state authorities objectives (Levy,

Create advertising development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

Create advertising development - Essay shellAgain, millions of people in the world today are enjoying an exceptionally wide range of products offered by Unilever in all segments of retail from food to cleaning materials.The final executing materials form the online advertisements shows that Lipton is one of the largest refreshments brands in the world. It delivers the top hat in the sell of tea brands and currently is available in more than hundred countries (Blanchard and Ben 2012). This shows that it is one of the lead companies in the world. Lipton offers an array of tea based drinks from tealeaf bags and Lipton ice tea soft drinks. Critical evaluation of the fall forest alliance certified tea farms shows that there is a commitment of sustainability where by Lipton tea bags condescend from rainforest alliance certified farms by the year 2015. This means that there is an assurance of tea which is sourced from farms which admire good conservation practices and payments on fair wages to the labor as far as glean is concerned.Consideration to this information is that it offers a wide range of tea products with different tastes, options and preference and still on the same the product focuses on innovation on strong brands. Lipton aims to have all the tea change in turkey by 2018 which is fifth largest producer of tea in the world, and it will be sourced from reliable farms. The above information is gotten from online because I wanted to know the current and clear information about Unilever brand.Presently, the brand products on mass markets are generally positioned in the middle of the tea price. Most of branded teas of Liptons are bled and selected from many different plantations around the world like Kenya and china which are well know countries producers.Critical evaluation of initial searches for information shows that Lipton global market shares outstanding brand available in 110 countries (Porters et al 2004.

Overcoming a academic Challenge Scholarship Essay

Overcoming a academic Challenge - Scholarship Essay ExampleAt the end of high school, I was accepted to Miami-Dade College. This is a community college that was affordable and could get me on cover up towards medical school. I worked hard for good grades, and have now been accepted to the University of Miami.While I was enkindle to transfer, going to the University of Miami has presented me with my greatest academic challenge. The classes at the University of Miami are completely different than they were at Miami-Dade College. The pace of the breeding is very rapid. Information is presented in large chunks during class eon. I have found that I sometimes leave class wondering how I will remember everything that was presented. The professors teach differently at the University of Miami as well. They are very professional and require the student to be responsible for her own learning. They are ever willing to help explain things I do not understand, but I need to go to them to ask. They are not willing to let students just glide through their classes. This is especially true of the tests that these professors give. in that respect is no way you can guess your way through the material. You must come prepared or you will fail. Overall, my greatest academic challenge is adjusting to the more challenging academic standards since my transfer to the University of Miami.Thankfully, my family taught me how to deal with challenges that give you in life. The first thing I changed in order to overcome this challenge is to reduce the come in of time I spent with friends. I am the type of person that enjoys an active social life. I never study with friends because when I am with them I want to have fun. I found that world successful at the University of Miami required be to spend less time having fun with friends and more time reviewing class notes, lectures and reading in my textbook. This has not been a pleasant adjustment, but it has been a necessary one. My

Party debate Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Party debate - Assignment Exampleed States multiparty system would have been practiced, the organization would have failed to make decisions in a timely manner because it would have failed to attain the majority votes necessary to pass legislation. Another benefit is that such a political system provides clarity to the voters in decision making which party to vote. This is because in twain party systems the dickens opposing parties are either in favour or against a particular agenda and voters finds it easy to vote for the candidates of that party which is supporting their side of the agenda. For example, the two political parties of United States are either in favor of gay marriage or they correct it. This allows the American citizens with the ease of selecting the candidate of the party that supports their viewpoints (Bibby, 2008). In my opinion it is better to have a two party system and such a system should continue in the United States because it provides the government w ith the office staff to make decisions in a timely manner which may be delayed in a multiparty system. Due to late decision making, the effectiveness and the value of the decision is lost and citizens of a particular country end up experiencing

Marriott Hotel Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Marriott Hotel - Essay ExampleOn travel and tourism militant index for 2013, UK stands on the leading 5th rank among 140 countries (Blanke and Chiesa, 2013). All these provide opportunity to Marriott to perpetually grow and expand in UK. . ECONOMICAL Recession in the UK sparing had bear on the purchasing causality of people and it had a negative uphold on the tourism industry as well. The recovery has started tho customers atomic number 18 still on hold due to the inflationary pressures unemployment due to Euro z 1 crises (Ernst & Young, 2012). The Travel and tourism index of 140 countries rank UK on 10th position for business environment while inborn resources availability that is critical for this industry is immensely attractive and ranks on troika send off (Blanke and Chiesa, 2013). Hence, the revival of the economy holds attractive opportunity for Marriot. SOCIO-CULTURE The consumer behaviour is changing continuously and the trends are modifying all across the world. H uman and heathenish resources for the hospitality industry are in abundance in the UK and country ranks on sixth and third respectively on the competitive index for Travel and Tourism (Blanke and Chiesa, 2013). The tech-savvy element has taken dominant place in culture and hotel are steering strategies to adopt changes all across value chain (Ernst & Young, 2013). Marriot is consistently accounting this element of change in social trends such as Marriot took initiative and went digital on wine (Incentive Travel, 2013). TECHNOLOGICAL Technological advancement is at its peak bothwhere. Conventional ways are converting in to digital ways. The online existence of the firms is now looking necessary (Mcindoe, 2013). Technological advancement has also affected the... Identifying the berth of environment for the business, this report is aimed to analyse the preserve business environment on the performance of the organisation. The environmental estimate explores the impact of political, economic, social, technological, environmental and legal factors in the business. For the last two decades the impact of technology has changed the structure of every industry either it is service industry or product industry. The technology is now considered as one(a) of the basic driver of growth. Among various industries, hospitality industry has also received a great impact of technological advancement in the last decade. Nowadays, customer convenience and satisfaction is considered as a one of the most effective tool in the service industry to get the competitive advantage. Marriot always cogitate on adapting the emerging and latest trends to stay competitive in the market. Competitive strategies that are followed by Marriott and its rivals are highly similar and hence each one is trying to gain the edge by committal programs and other technological adoptions. All the competitors and Marriot is continuously making efforts to sustain its position in the market. The environme ntal abstract has conducted to understand the impact of internal and external forces on the organisation. Since, technological advancement has had a great impact on almost every business in the world and so hospitality industry is affected significantly. Therefore, efforts to employ technological advancements by Marriot to remain competitive have been discussed with insight recommendations. Some media sources are mentioned in the report to analyse the evolving behavior of the organisation. In all that Marriot is competing successfully in UK hospitality industry. However, it needs to stupefy a consistent research on understanding the changing consumer needs and preferences. It is worth mentioning that recovery in UK economy is creating the opportunity of business expansions. Marriott should focus on this phase and increase its marketing efforts to attract upstart customers initially in this phase.

Sport Psychology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Sport psychology - Essay ExampleSports smirch is common in different sports and athletic events across the world and these scratch the performance of the sports individuals. Self-esteem and other psychological factors like stress are also associated with injury during educational activity and competition in different sports. This paper will evaluate the relationship between sports psychology and injury in athletes and sports person in different competitive sports (Lockhart, Merrill & Bird, 2002).The occurrence of sport injuries are common in athletes and other sports personalities and this is associated with the occurrence of acute trauma or the over reliance on a authorized body part. These injuries vary and are associated with simple bruises, acute strains that affect effective muscle coordination, sprains which results from excessive grueling of the ligaments and serious wounds caused by major collisions. The commission of these injuries is essential in the training and eff ective performance of athletes and it enhances the psychic wellbeing of sports individuals. A number of theoretical approaches have been developed that highlights the psychological approaches to sports injury and these demonstrates the benefits of effective management and care of athletes during training and after injury (Hamson-Utley, Martin & Walters, 2008).Injury in most instances is associated with physical events that are beyond the control of the athlete and which are extremely impulsive for them to avoid. However, psychologists have associated sports injury with a number of psychological events which affects their concentration and increases the proneness to injury. The factors can be classified into personal factors, emotional conditions and stressful events which affect the psychical and physical coordination during training and competition. Personal factors have been associated with increased intro and extroversion which affects the self-esteem of individuals during comp etition and training. discipline environments

U.S. HISTORY (What did the Gilded-Age city offer to newcomers) Essay

U.S. HISTORY (What did the Gilded-Age city offer to newcomers) - Essay ExampleSpecifically, in the realm of industry, tidy sum who were moving to the cities in search for employment were able to see the greatest growth in technology, phylogeny of authorities and economic systems.One of the greatest strengths of America, even to modern day, has been in American ingenuity in the research and development of technology. Especially after the Civil War and after reconstruction, many new technologies and shipway of creating goods were revolutionizing the American way of life as well as the goods and services that were being provided. Industrialization was oddly important as the second industrial revolution took place. During this time, the greatest growth was seen in the steel and combust industries. This allowed the creation of new jobs, although this did not always mean that the pay and safety concerns were adequately met. In addition, electric production was becoming more of a comm on day occurrence. There was also experimentation in chemical refining such as the production of newer and better metallic alloys which were being used in the construction of buildings and in other applications. Not only was the second industrial revolution an impact on the United States, but it was also having a major impact in other parts of the cosmea such as in Europe. It can be extrapolated that without the increased industrial and technological growth that occurred in the Gilded Age that the United States and the other Allies would not have been able to fight as efficiently during World War I.Especially after the Civil War and Reconstruction, the face and development of politics had radically changed. Corruption was growing as quickly as the monopolies of the steel and railroad tycoons. These larger cities were predominate by political machines in which politicians would be backed by special interest groups who were funding their apparent motion and office. This was also

Crisis and Emergency Risk Communication Term Paper

Crisis and Emergency Risk chat - Term Paper ExampleCommunication is particularly important during times of crisis or extremity, especially during cases related to health and wellbeing. Through effective crisis and requirement communication, the community or group in question poop care in the dissolution of problems, hardly a failure of communication during a crisis can compound the problems. This is because sound crisis communication is necessary to the demonstrate of intervention planning (CDC 11). Well-planned and executed emergency insecurity communication, which is blended into the different phases of the crisis response continuum, can augment the potential of addressing the crisis, particularly where the resources available for risk resolution are limited and should be channeled to areas where they are critically needed (CDC 13). Crises necessitating groups or organizations to employ effective risk communication Crises intromit national, multi-state investigations on d isease outbreak, or the exploration of environmental crisis (CDC 14). Examples of these crises include waterborne, airborne, food borne, vector borne, chemical, toxic material, natural disaster, infective agent, and radiological-related risks (Coombs 242). One physical exercise is the case of a natural disaster that requires the immediate attention of the government and other authorities. The agents of crisis communication could include the relief organizations that respond and provide aid to those affected by the crisis, or the NGOs that come to offer aid. The aid may entail retrieving the victims that are most vulnerable to the risks arising from the crisis situation. The second give of crisis is triggered by an unknown infectious compound, which has the potential to spread to other parts of the country or region. Examples include water-related and large-scale ecological crises. The troika form of crisis, which requires effective risk communication, is site specific crisis, whe re the crisis takes place at a given area, and the crisis can be controlled at the site (Coombs 242). Examples include laboratory incidents, the death of an employee or a student at the campus grounds, hostage event at campus, bomb threats and a fire or explosion incident. The last form of crisis, which calls for effective crisis communication, includes terrorist attacks whether chemical or biological after the terrorist activities are suspected or declared (Combs 165). The risk of disaster or emergency is worsened by a number of factors that come into play within the society with each requiring effective crisis communication, and in a timely manner, in order to avoid the elaboration of the threat to a larger group. These factors include the global increase in population density, the increment of settlements at risk-prone locations, the increment of technological risks in the society, and the emergency of infectious illnesses. Other factors include the increment of international go bad and the escalating threat posed by terrorism globally (Coombs 241). Due to the increase in the risk factors that make for to the development of a crisis in society, risk communication is required at any site of emergency or risk. Crisis communication for this context is defined as the process of communicating about the situation lining the given organization or setting, to the stakeholders of the organization and the public (Combs 164). Crisis or emergency communication is initiated after the incidence of an emergency, crisis or a disaster. Emergencies, crises, and disasters have one thing in common, which is that they all relate to the incidence of an unbecoming event, which has either taken place or which is taking place. After any event, which is adverse or unthought happens, it is possible to refer to the given incidence as an

KIEU ESSAY-THEME 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

KIEU -THEME 2 - Essay ExampleHe contradicts his position of righteousness as at hotshot point he is immoral and some other point he is moral. The character Thuc Ky Tam portrays the theme of immorality in the tales of Kieu. It is evident throughout the old report card narrated in the poem. Thuc Ky Tam is at first introduced in the story to be the top manager of a brothel. As known to the public at large, brothels are place where immorality is practiced at its highest levels. For such a person to be in charge of a brothel, more at the time this poem was publicized, he had to be immoral. In spite of Thuc Ky Tams actions later in the story, he carries on the ignominious deeds of individuals who maintained visiting the brothel. Thuc is one person who was well bred and educated and was supposed to defend women kinda than indulging in immoral acts with them. This defilement act portrays the character of Thuc to be obviously immoral man. The family of Thuc female genitals be described to be well bred and well to do as they had a trading shop. Thuc at his early ages was a man of passion as sings of Kieus beauty from the moment he saying her. He make it his initiative to persuade and make her fall in love with him for which he civil (Nguyen, pp.69). He first saw Kieu in the brothel at her place of work and where Thuc was a manager. They went on to see each other on many instances and their relationship looked to be more intimate than being casual. Visible closeness existed between the two that portrayed to true lovers. Thuc expressed his emotions to Kieu who answered back by professing her love to him. Nevertheless, Kieus current and past job was a stumbling block as she knew it could not be ignored. Thuc was a married man and this was a challenge to their relationship with Kieu as they could not get into a union of marriage. It also barred them from carrying out their relationship outside the brothel. Kiev talked about the wife of Thuc, plainly if the lady l ords over you, I shall be tossed to her, your lioness This did not shake Thuc as their situations that grew worse rather made them stronger in love. The character of Thuc makes a turn at this juncture when what he feels for Kieu makes him liberate move away(predicate) form the brothel. Thuc does this by paying Dame Tu, madam at the brothel which showed that he held to his words by honoring his promise. Kiev and Thuc continued in their relationship as married partners with Thuc looking after his wife and life became enjoyable. This is contrary to ones expectation of an affair between a man who was rat in brothels and a disparage. Ones expectation may be that the two would at one time renounce the life they live and turn into a new leaf. Nevertheless, their relationship looked so satisfactory and normal that there could be an end. The character of Thuc transforms to man of good deeds and one may get down to deliver him from his past sins of prostitution and frequenting brothels. His father who has been away is responsible for stereotyping the play in this love story of Thuc and Kieu. He warns them that Thuc should take Kieu back to where she worked as a prostitute or judgment awaits them for making a mistake of living together while Thuc was still in another union. The two opted for the worse by waiting for the judgment as they continued to live together. What trouble his father was that Thuc had chosen a prostitute for a wife and this tarnished the family name. Thuc and Kieu face judgment and at the start, the case was against Kieu who had

Hitchens vs Blair debate Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Hitchens vs Blair debate - Essay ExampleHitchens found it diffused to make strong notes concerning a wide range of bad things that humans arrest do in the title of ghostly belief, and he in fact did not find it difficult to explain how religion, which is addressed to be good, has done more harm not only to individuals in the society, but also to the world as well. On stage, Hitchens raised very pertinent points many of which worked against Blairs arguments. Among the most prominent statements that he made is that religion forces nice people to do unkind things ... and to do stupid things. Hitchens made this statement in a bid to emphasize the fact that religion is among the most disastrous institutions in the world because it has often been the seeded player of conflict. In addition to this statement, he also made a pass at circumcision, which he considers to be a violation of human rights, since it involves the mutilation of the human body. Hitchens sarcastically states, Pl ease pass me that sharp stone for its crotch so that I might do the work of the Lord (CSPANJUNKIEd0Torg) A major point of argument in the debate concerned the exclusivity of religion, on which Hitchens states that it had always struck him as strange that there should be a special church for English people. His argument implied that religion in itself was a divisive federal agent in the world, and that the world would probably function better without it. In response to Hitchens comparing religion to the nitrogen Korean regime where God is considered similar to the North Korean ruler, Blair stated that he did not consider the leader of North Korea to be a religious icon. Blair seems to have conceded some ground to Hitchens argument by stating that it was undoubtedly true that there were people who had throughout history committed horrendous acts in the name of religion. Blair goes on to quickly state that while this might be the case, it is also true that some religious people also do good things, providing the example of how Christians and progressive secularists worked hand in hand to tally the abolition of slavery (CSPANJUNKIEd0Torg). Blair questions whether Hitchens is after a world that it without religions, going further to provide examples from the twentieth coke who had no religion. He gives the example of Hitler, Stalin, and Pol Pot, who committed great atrocities against their people because of the fact that they did not have religion, hence needed a conscience. Blair goes on to state that if religion is gotten rid of then youre not going to trounce rid of fascism, and youre not going to get rid of wrong in the world. It is Blairs belief that the lack of religion in the world would be disastrous because it would be a source of unspeakable venomous that might lead to atrocities. Hitchens on the other hand, feels that religion is an oppressive force which should not be allowed to overcompensate because to do so would be to destroy the freedoms w hich are the natural right of all human beings (CSPANJUNKIEd0Torg). end-to-end the debate, one would state that Hitchens had the sympathy of most of the audience and this may have been as a settlement of his terminal condition. Blair, on the other hand, seems to have been less forceful with his argument, perhaps because of his sympathy for his rivals condition. While this may have been

Final Exam on the Politics of the Developing Worlds Essay

Final Exam on the Politics of the Developing solid grounds - Essay ExampleFor example, South Africa is a country that has spent years remunerative the debts that had been borrowed to maintain the apartheid regime (Beaudet, Paul, and Jessica, 84). Anformer(a) factor that has caused the trio World Debt Crisis is the mismanaged lending of the 1970s, where the oil-exporting countries had a lot of coin during this period of time and they decided to bank such money in the western banks (Bairoch, 127). The Western countries in distort lend the money to the leash World countries for use in implementing major projects, but the loans were prone to increases in interest rates fol downcasted by the global recession that was experienced in the 1980s causing low commodity prices for the Third World countries. This in subprogram affected their ability to service the debts, thus the increase Third World Debt Crisis (Shah, n.p.). ... s, which forms the major exports for the Third World countr ies, where the export prices of the primary commodities increased by amid 20-40% (Bairoch, 123). This meant a good commerce period for the Third World countries, since they could manage to balance the imports with the exports, and in turn be left with some more funds which they could apply towards the repayment of the debts owed to the developed countries. However, in the period after the second world war, the terms of trade for the primary goods deteriorated, which meant that the export prices for the primary goods produced by the Third World countries dropped substantially, thus causing the costs of imports for those countries to be higher than the cost of their exports (Bairoch, 126). The consequence is that the balance of trade deficit increased for the countries, since they could not manage to cover the costs of the imports through the exports they made, and thus they had to seek for substitute ways of servicing the deficit, which eventually forced them to turn into borrowin g. This has served to aggravate the debt crisis for the Third World countries even upgrade (Shah, n.p.). The oil price rises of 1973 to 1979 had a devastating effect on the economies of the Third World countries. The oil-exporting countries hiked the prices of the oil they exported to other countries in 1973 (Bairoch, 133). The increased prices of the oil had two major effects on the development of the Third World countries, and the consequent increased debt crisis for the countries. First, when the oil prices for the oil were increased, it meant that the Third World countries had to pay more for importing the oil. This meant that the Third World countries would incur more debts, since they could not manage to cover the costs of the

Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 4

Economics - Essay ExampleIndeed, the currency supercede sum up policy mustiness be geared towards leveling the global financial playing field. The prior Bretton Woods agreement and the accepted United Kingdom governments policy determined the nations currency exchange come in. The variance in the United Kingdom currency in relation to another(prenominal) countrys foreign currency whitethorn translates to either a currency fluctuation gain or a loss. Romain Veyrune (2007) reiterated the fixed exchange rate system is defined as a pegged exchange rate. The exchange rate of the nations currency is matched to another nations currency. Likewise, the nations currency may also be matched with a precious metal like Gold. The main purpose of the unique financial rating system is to make the nations currency stable, the British pound, in relation to another countrys pegged currency or precious metal. One of the major purposes of the fixed exchange rate system is to stabilise trading betwe en the two nations. Many companies can make predicting the current and future(a) sales, procures, and other currency related transaction between country with the currency that is pegged against the other nations currency and the country whose currency is used as the basis for the nations currency. ... The electronic currency, e- property, effectuate in the internet website, www.e-gold.com, is an internationally accepted currency that is pegged or fixed on the observe of gold at the time of each sale or purchase of goods or services. Here, the persons reception of 20 e-gold currency is pegged the average world market price of gold. As the gold value increases, the value of the 20 e gold currency amount increases as the gold value decrements, the value of the 20 e gold currency amount decreases. Thus, the value of one e-gold may increase or decrease depending one world value of gold or the penury value of another nations currency. Fernando Goncalves (2008) opined the floating e xchange rate system is grounded on the sparing supply and take in of the nations currency in relation to the currency of another nation. Under this system, the currency exchange rate varies depending on the economic situation at the time of the exchange. Under the demand economic principle, the increase in the demand for one currency increases the value of such currency. On the other hand, Callum Henderson (2006) reiterated a decline in the demand for a certain currency generated a decline in the value of such currency. In laypersons terms, a Chinese having a strong need to use the American dollar to purchase American may be willing to buy or exchange RMB 10 for each American dollar. On the other hand, the American having a strong need to buy or get the Chinese currency, Yuan, can be willing to exchange one American dollar for only RMB 7 for each American dollar. The British pound is based on the fluctuating or supply and demand economic pricing policy in

International Human Rights and Islamic Law Essay

International Human Rights and Islamic Law - Essay sampleAlmost all the nations that ar either Islamic in nature, or throw off a soaked Islamic presence within their population, have at some point of time entered reservations. Amongst these, some states have entered their reservations by citing the Sharia law, while other states have based these reservations by categorising the Sharia as home(prenominal) family law. Such high number of reservations portrays the existence of a contention that relates directly to the womens laws pertaining to adult male rights, while also indirectly relating to the theory and practice of the international human rights law. This conflict thus showcases a direct confrontation between the idea of universalism of human rights and the so called cultural relativism. Even a day-to-day glance at the reservations will show us that some of them that cite the Islamic Sharia laws, are completely at oddity with the very nature and objective of the Convention , and often undermines the primary goal that aims to the move out all kinds gender bias and bring in equal status for all human beings, disregarding of whether he is a male or a female. In my article I will date the tension that arises from the certain state parties reservations to CEDA

Planning Human Resource Essay Example for Free

Planning Human mental imagery EssayHuman resource proposalning has a major role to assemble the fellowship objectives in professional and efficient comportment. In this case study planning form is to occupy the short term, by having the right citizenry and the right skills of litigateforce to supply demands of the brisk contract at the same clock to adjust runging change for long term objectives. As an HR manager main role is to meet course needs by dint of do custody planning. Part of the planning is to investigate and gather information where the lodge stands now where we want to take it and how to do that. I commode employ the Manpower acceptment show up for Human resource planning, to give out the current federal agency and estimate future needs and implement the innovative strategy.The custody requirement approach en opens the HR to investigate the quality and the quantity of the existing workforce and analyse the company situation, forecast an adequ ate number of adept manpower to satisfy future needs and strike targets. 1- Analyse the current workforce to learn intimately employees profile, expertise, age education, roles and gather information about staff rotation, this data base permit the company to evaluate the core competences and the power of it is human capital, identify waste or shortage for short term and long term targets and measure it up with the company objectives and capabilities to tax the current productivity, Moreoer to evaluate the corporate strategy alignment with the vision and mission. 2- Forecast future manpower identify supply and demand.Expect the quantity and characteristics of the manpower in demand for future needs ground on projecting employer past trends. Using previous trends of commerce of a specific qualifications and expertise active earlier in the past years by the company to image productivity. In this approach an search is made to forecast future requirements of improve manpower to fulfil a future target of rude National Product (GNP) or specified targets of industrial production. (According to Mahapatro, et al. 2010) Predict directions and development in each(prenominal) size of individual sectors of the economy. Use series of data and historical trends to acquire the ratio between the increase of the skills of the workforce and output harvest-tide.This method lay off to associate experienced manpower and their productivity influencing the economic growth in a specific sector. According to Mahapatro, et al. 2010, the fundamental axioms of manpower requirements approach is that there is a decisive link between the education and the economic growth and the lack of skilled manpower in indispensable number impedes growth. Analyse and estimate the requirements of amend manpower to develop and advance, by assessing varied factors use level, wa defend and recession rate. Estimate the level of labour force participants by comparing the participants plac e and the number of graduates for a specific occupation.The main strengths of this method atomic number 18 estimating and comparing the demand and supply over a period of time in a specific economy and correlate this with the total state level of employment and production. Moreover this approach helps the company to identify future needs for development and fosterage allowing them to categorise. According to Mahapatro, et al. 2010, this approach assess the skill requirements to fall upon any predetermined economic growth, and to gear the elaboration of educational system to brook the needed education and experienceing up However there be some(a) flaws in the Manpower Requirements approaches. The first limitationThe Manpower requirement approach, link skilled manpower to a specific occupation task, yet its limited to be valid since it is non including the price and the embody of formal culture and education to produce such educated level essential, and it grass only be r elevant to developing countries, where high proportion of manpower sacrifice obtained these skills through daily learning and vocation experience. According to Mahapatro, et al. 2010, in the Indian context, it has been observed that over 30 percent of the manpower do not dedicate the basic minimum qualification. They hurt reached these levels through on-the- crease teaching and such other informal training in the requisite skills.The second limitation This method confirms that there are no replacements for the required skilled manpower however we messnot expect to find in one country all jobs requiring a specific skill to be executed by manpower having the same category of education. According to Mahapatro, et al. 2010, the educated manpower of different typesetters cases are used in fixed proportions and that there no substitutions possibilities among the various categories of educated manpower.The future is un reliable, technological and economical factors ever more(pre nominal) changing displace the patterns of demands predicted in an earlier stage, since estimated skilled or unskilled labour force is derived from the patterns of services or goods in demand, this approach is relatively fallible for future for long turn estimates and discount produce large errors. According to Mahapatro, et al. 2010, Any error in judgment, in this regard, provide seriously affect manpower balances at a later date resulting in either excess supply or excess demand. FlexibilityFor example the Audit counsel, they have developed different type of employment to meet their business needs. These different contracts help the Audit Commission to cope with all of its changing needs. They also help it to be flexible. (The propagation 100, 2013) The Audit Commission is constantly faced with peaks and troughs in the workload that nookynot be met simply by having its employees on full-time contracts. There are situations where they need either more staff or fewer staff. B y increasing or reduce staff in these situations the Audit Commission has developed numerical flexibleness. (The Times 100, 2013)As we know the governing body had some success stories and some unstable situation, HR planning at this phase subsequently triumphant a raw(a) contract is passing crucial. We evoke learn from the Audit Commission and retain flexibility to be able to meet future business needs without raising employment cost and by avoiding downsizing. I can suggest developing and applying flexible working patterns by introducing different type of employment contracts.The internal labour market 350 employees 95% of them have permanent contract consisting the core group of the geological formation having the skills and knowledge to work in many roles, the abovementioned manpower enable the organisation to run the daily in operation(p) room having the expertise the knowhow of the company production standards and quality, and they can meet the enquiries in an effici ent ways. However the company has lately win a new contract that might implicate needs for recruitment. The existing 95% pull up stakes remain on permanent contracts and will consist the 75% of the company new structure, as for the new workforce joining the company we can introduce different type of contract to absorb them in order to maintain the flexibility of the organisation.They consists the first peripheral and the second peripheral. In the company situation we are examining to hire the first peripheral group that is numerically flexible and the second peripheral group that implicate employees on short-terms or contractors from agencies, where the organisation needs more staff, that will not by necessary after the production demands of the new contracts are met. As for a construction company that have just subscribe a new hotel construction project that will end in 5 years, they cannot afford to hire employees on permanent contracts for the new project, as they will have surplus after the hotel is build.In this situation by applying the new working patterns the manufacturing company can meet the new contract needs and ensure that we will not have a manpower surplus after the project is done, it is always closely-fixed to increases the number of the workforce but not simple to reduce it. Since the company have liabilities toward their workforce. The cost is extremely high to offer all its employees benefits, health insurance, schooling, bonuses and end of service indemnities. Question 2As we have discussed before temporary workers play a significant role in current fast cubic yard evolving industries, no matter how skilled or unskilled they are, a genuine amount of training is required to make sure they can perform well the assigned tasks. We have to plan the training mould and identify the gaps.According to Gomez-Mejia et al, 2012 The trainng process consists of three phases (1) needs assessment, (2) development and conduct of training, and (3) evaluation. 2.1 Assessment Needs The type of training should be linked to the organisation goals, in our organisation situation the company needs to meet the new project production needs on time efficiently without compromising the quality.By hiring the new temporary workforce, the company is not looking to develop them or invest in them, as they are only hired to assure the production for a certain period. However we need their contribution to achieve company goals and meet business demand, the required training should enable them to acquire the skills and the knowledge, by identifying a certain type of training that will ensure they are prepared to do the assigned tasks and have the double-dyed(a) knowledge of the company procedures and safety related issue. 2.2 Development and conduct of trainingWe can refer to Aldis company case study that was experiencing a rapid expansion and needed to recruit more than 4,000 employees. It is not so easy to involve a large number of employee s and engage them to the company objectives, we can poll below how Aldis planned to train the new workforce and make them committed to their new roles. They have chosen to provide the on-the-job-training.On-the-job training is training that takes place while employees are actually working. It pith that skills can be straighten outed while trainees are carrying out their jobs. This benefits both employees and the business. Employees learn in the real work environment and gain experience dealing with the tasks and challenges that they will meet during a normal working day. The business benefits by ensuring that the training is specific to the job. It also does not have to meet the additional costs of providing off-the-job training or losing working time. (The Times 100, 2013) we can use the same training approach to apply it to our organisation, as we have to be careful about the cost.At the beginning we have to introduce them to the work place they are joining, an induction traini ng should be provided to familiarize the new group joining to the company and colleagues, this orientation ensure their understanding to the company structure and the corporate culture and we can gain their link from day one to the organisation objectives and goals. We are examining here the instrumental learning type.On job training approach is applicable in this case study as it is considered cost effective and does not require an expert trainer to be hired from outside the company to teach them specific skills or to provide a certain knowledge. OJT also spares the organisation the expense of taking employees out of the work environment for training and usually the cost of hiring outside trainer, because employees generally are capable of doing the training . (Gomez-Mejia et al, 2012)At the same it can deliver a clear message about the company expectation while saving time, as ranking(prenominal) skilled staff can train new employees divided in groups depending on job requiremen t and the group can actually learn the required skill while conducting day-to-day activities, it allow them to observe and try. One of benefits for the company will be having skilled employees that will need less inspection to perform tasks in the future, furthermore that will increase the loyalty to the employer and employees relationships, since they will be interacting closely with the senior staff for the training period. In addition they can get guidance and learn new technologies lots rather than theorist, where most of the times theories are not so clear to be applicable.The guided on the-job training approach helps build relationships. (Gomez-Mejia et al, 2012). The informal training or the OJT can enhance relationships between the workforce interacting unitedly to acquire skills and learn better about our organisation, it can be also considered as fondizing activity since they can be more open and communicate easily with no barrier, this process will make effective the on-boarding new employees. Socialization is not a single event. Rather, socialisation is the iterative process between the new employee and the organisation as the individual develop skills, knowledge, role behaviour, and adjustment to norms and values in response to needs and expectations of organisation. (Jolton et al, 2010). For the employees it helps them to be more motivated and self confident about the job, where they can gain more skills in a practical way.They can get guidance and learn new technologies actually much rather than theorist, where most of the times theories are not so clear to be applicable. We have to plan carefully the On-the-Job-Training, to allow immediate benefits and reduce the un amentiferous breaking-in period of the new joiners. If we leave them to learn through unplanned methods employees whitethorn feel anxious unmotivated as they are not confident about their job roles and performance. Since we are aiming for temporary manpower and flexible work ing patterns this method is considered efficient to make them productive as quickly as possible. In addition the OJT permit to examine at early stage employees basic skills problems, for this scenario we can plan for further training for a certain group, simply it can cash in ones chips skills deficiency. Question 33.1 Benefits of Diversity at the workplace.a. Internal advantages.Emerging economy, constantly changes in lifestyle and social demands stimulate people to move from their native countries to a better place, society are becoming more diverse. One car type cannot fit to one population multifariousness in choice can make a difference and appeal to everyone. By recruiting a diverse workforce we wont be only addressing legislation or avoiding discrimination lawsuits, but we ensure engaging our stakeholders demands. Avoiding the stereotype in recruitment is the key success for the company to become an employer of choice. Diversity at the workplace can involve a pool of creat ivity and new ideas contribution from people coming from different background can advance work and give the ability to the company to comprehend better our stakeholders needs and demands.People having different cultural perspectives and lifestyle can give different ideas about the same subject and convey wider moving-picture show for the company. According to Gomez-Mejia et al, 2012, to survive and prosper in an increasingly heterogeneous society, organisations must capitalize on employee diversity as a source of competitive advantage. Regardless that managing employee diversity is politically correct, diverse workforce enhance better problem solving, in our manufacturing company people tend to work in groups, interacting together can solve occurring problems easier as their life experience is dissimilar and they will approach the arising problems differently. Demographic and ethnic diversity can draw more flexibility to the company culture sharing different experiences can make t he work smoother and enjoyable, since learning is wider and more open. b. External advantagesA team of different people sharing life experiences and values can improve our corporate culture to become a multicultural organisation having the experience to understand better international market, this advantage can aid the company to flummox more profits and widen our market. Talented people are not limited to one culture, certain age or religion, our aim is to match the right people to the right job, so why to decoct our choices since we can recruit from a pool of geniuss.By offering equal opportunity and overlooking differences we can focus better on having the right skills, Cultural diversity at the workplace can call forth competitive advantage over rivals, Moreover respecting individual diversities in recruitment can increase productivity and promote the business image. Diversity at the workplace is the key to stay competitive and to be able to cope to the fast changing economy . Given the global nature of business today, organisations have to create very specific and effective recruitment efforts to build a deep reservoir of global as well local talent to staff all their organisational levels. (Jolton et al, 2010)As example we can spot the light to Tesco operating in UK where people from different culture and background lives. Tesco recognises that every person is different and will bring unique talents and experiences to a role. (The Times 100, 2013).According to Tesco Difference can be our strength because talent and diversity are two sides of the same coin. To focus on one while ignoring the other is want trying to run a store with no customers it just wont work. (The Times 100, 2013).3.2 Employee Diversity Challenges.However some challenges can draw, if diversity is not correctly managed in our organisation, as we can face negative outcomes in communication and productivityResistance to change from majority and cultural clashes may occur, people ten d not to accept each other easily especially if they consider nonage inferior, or not as qualified to compete for a promotion or a life story development. Cultural diversity may create a barrier between majority and minorities what can affect teamwork and participation. Communication flow might be distracted people tend to be more voluminous in relationships with colleagues having the same culture and background, as they share same point of view and lifestyle, minorities can be left out of the company mainstream. Minorities will start to be unmotivated and not satisfied in the work environment and significant turnover and absenteeism can face the company.Diversity can enhance creativity, however minorities being ignored and less valued, will affect their enthusiasm and involvement in the company goals and achievement, and they wont be able to perform efficiently and effectively due to the low morale. Conversely, the proponents of relativity represent that failure to adapt HR prac tices to the needs of a diverse population may alienate much of the workforce and reduce their potential contributions. (Gomez-Mejia et al, 2012)References1- Mahapatro,. Bhussan,B., 2010. Human Resource Management. New Delhi New Age International Limited. open from http//web.ebscohost.com Accessed 30 June 2013. 2- The Times 100 Business illustration Studies, 2013. Flexible working patterns An Audit Commission Case Study. The Times 100. Available from http//businesscasestudies.co.uk/audit-commission/flexible-working-patterns/conclusion.htmlaxzz2Z2peExn1 Accessed 3 July 2013. 3- Gomez-Mejia,L., Balkin,D., and Cardy,R,. 2012. Managing Human Resources. Seventh Edition. United States of America. Pearson Education, Inc. 4- Jolton,J,. Lundby, K,. 2010. Going Global Practical Applications and Recommendations for HR and OD Professionals in the Global Workplace. United States of America Jossey-Bass. Available from http//web.ebscohost.com Accessed 16 June 2013.

God’s rule over human happenings Essay Example for Free

idols rule over human happenings Essay graven image controls events of human score to accomplish of his purposes. matinee idols rule over human happenings is demonstrated many clock in the Bible. One of the clearest examples is recorded in the first four chapters of the book of Daniel. Daniel and three of his friends were taken captive by Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon. In Babylon they are trained to be special servants of the king. When Nebuchadnezzar had a dream and apparently forgot it, he demanded that his wise men tell him what he dreamed and give its interpretation, on penalty of death if they didnt. When Daniel comprehend ab extinct this situation, he and his friends prayed to deity to learn about the dream and its interpretation.When God revealed the dream and its meaning to Daniel, Daniel thanked God by saying, Blessed be the name of God forever and ever, for wisdom and might are His. . . . He removes kings and raises up kings He gives wisdom to the wise and exis tledge to those who have understanding. . . . I thank You and praise You, O God of my fathers You have given me wisdom and might, and have now do known . . . the kings demand (Daniel 220-23, NKJV).The dream was about a man with a moderate of gold, his chest and arms of silver, his thighs of bronze, his legs of urge, and his feet partly of iron and partly of clay. Daniel told the king that God had revealed to him the dream and its interpretation. He declared that different parts of the man delineate various kingdoms. The head of gold represented Nebuchadnezzar. His was the greatest kingdom. After him would come lesser kingdoms, represented by the inferior medals, until the coming of the greatest an everlasting kingdom represented by a st angiotensin converting enzyme, uncut by human hands. The stone would strike the image and broke it in pieces. It would consortly became a great upsurge and fill the substantial earth.Nebuchadnezzar was grateful to Daniel for telling him his dream and its interpretation. He declared, Truly your God is the God of gods, the lord of kings, and a revealer of secrets, since you could reveal this secret (Daniel 247). The king thusly promoted Daniel to be ruler over the whole province of Babylon, and chief administrator over all the wise men of Babylon. Moreover, Daniels three friends were set in positions of power in the province of Babylon.Nebuchadnezzar was a most powerful king. He was also real conceited. He make an image of gold, ninety feet tall. Why he built it is not declared in scripture. However, it whitethorn be because the dream, wherein he was represented as possessing a kingdom portrayed with a head of gold, motivated him to exalt himself in that way. He called for everyone to fall mickle before the image and theology it. notwithstanding Daniels three friends refused. Nebuchadnezzar threatened them, saying that they would be put into a furnace of fire if they didnt savourless themselves before it. They pacify refused, saying that God would deliver them, hardly even if he didnt, they would not worship the image. Nebuchadnezzar, full of fury, had them put into the fiery furnace. Afterward, however, when he looked into the furnace, he was greatly surprised.There was a fourth person, one same(p) a son of the gods, walking among them and none of them were burned. When Nebuchadnezzar called for them to come out of the furnace, he discovered that they were not singed, nor did they have even the smell of fire on them. Therefore he said, Blessed be the God of Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-Nego, who sent His Angel and delivered His servants who trusted in Him . . . that they should not serve nor worship any god tho their own GodTherefore I make a decree that any people, nation, or words which speaks anything amiss against the God of Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-Nego shall be cut in pieces, and their houses shall be made an ash heap because thither is no other God who can deliver like this. (Daniel 328-29) He then promoted them in the province of Babylon. Nebuchadnezzar thus came not only to recognize, but also to appreciate the Most High God. Nevertheless, Nebuchadnezzar was still filled with great pride.In his own words, Nebuchadnezzar told how he came to be humbled by God. He had other dream which none but Daniel could interpret. The dream was about a great, strong, and high channelize with lovely leaves and huge fruit. In it the birds lodged, under it animals found shade, and from it all flesh was fed. But a voice from heaven commanded the tree to be cut down. Even so, the stump and roots were to be left, bound with iron and bronze in the grass of the field. Before being told the meaning of the dream, Nebuchadnezzar recognized that This decision is . . . in order that the living may knowthat the Most High rules in the kingdom of men, gives it to whomever He will, and sets over it the lowest of men (Daniel 417).When told the dream, Daniel was disturbed because h e knew it was against the King. The tree represented the king. Although the king was great, he would be cut down but not destroyed. His heart would become like that of an animal and he would eat grass for seven times (probably seven courses). However, Nebuchadnezzar was assured that the kingdom would be his after he came to realize that Heaven rules. Daniel then rede the king, break off your sins by being righteous, and your iniquities by showing mercy to the poor. Perhaps there may be a lengthening of your prosperity (Daniel 420).The dream began to be fulfilled a year later age Nebuchadnezzar was walking in his palace. He said, Is not this great Babylon, that I have built for a royal dwelling by my mighty power and for the honor of my majesty? (Daniel 430). It was then that a voice from heaven said, King Nebuchadnezzar, to you it is spoken the kingdom has departed from you And they shall drive you from men, and your dwelling shall be with the beasts of the field. They shall make you eat grass like oxen and seven times shall pass over you, until you know that the Most High rules in the kingdom of men, and gives it to whomever He chooses (Daniel 431-32). And so it was.Nebuchadnezzar ate grass like an ox, his body was wet with the dew of heaven, his hair grew like eagles feathers, and his nails like birds claws. At the end of the time, Nebuchadnezzars understanding returned to him, as did his kingdom, honor, splendor, counselors and nobles. He then blessed the Most High, saying, His dominion is an everlasting dominion, . . . He does according to His will in the army of heaven and among the inhabitants of the earth. No one can restrain His hand or say to Him, What have You done? (Daniel 434-35). He then praised and honored the King of Heaven, saying that his whole kit and caboodle are true and his ways just. Moreover, he said, those who walk in pride, He is able to put down (Daniel 437).God rules. He sent dreams to Nebuchadnezzar. Through Daniel, God made the ir interpretations known. In this way God caused Daniel to become ruler overall Babylon and his friends to be elevated to rulership positions. God changed Nebuchadnezzars heart and made him to be a believer in the Most High God. He also humbled and then restored Nebuchadnezzar to his kingdom. He thereby caused His name to be heralded by the King throughout all Babylon (Daniel 41-3). Nebuchadnezzar came to know that God ruled. Yet he probably did not understood the extent or purposes of Gods rule. He may not have realized that in all these things God was preserving the Israelites in their captivity.When we see disturbing conditions in our world (just as the Israelites saw and were disturbed by the fall of capital of Israel and the overthrow of their nation by the Babylonians) we should realize that God reigns over the nations, God sits on his holy arse (Psalm 478 See also Jeremiah 187-10). He still rules in the kingdom of men. And while we may not know the extent of Gods rule, we sh ould realize that God is working out his own purposes through contemporary human events.

The Bean Trees Essay Example for Free

The loft Trees EssayIn the book, The Bean Trees, Taylor is the primeval character and one whose brainpower on life, sense of humor and intellectual make up, serve as the motivation behind the central themes in the book. Within the book, Taylor has three goals in life to graduate high school without crapting pregnant, to get as far away from Pittman as possible and to change her name. She seeks a whole new individuality out in the West and has a can-do attitude in the face of opposition and the get wind of witnessing a great deal of pain, oppression and the darker side of large number, yet she still continues to be an interesting and elate character within The Bean Trees. Taylor has a sympathetic side to her when she meets tump over and Esperenza. There argon a few(prenominal) individuals who, when faced with raising another persons child through with(predicate) the unexpected way in which Turtle was left(p) with Taylor, would still decide to give raise that child as th eir own. Most would bear felt sympathetic fore the child but would not have spent an entire living raising the child. But that is what a young and unmarried Taylor decided to do. Also, when Taylor realizes that this individual is not a vitiate but rather an undersized and malnourished victim of sexual abuse, Taylor does not let the severity of her Turtles situation dissuade her from continuing to raise the child as her own while face an almost certain life of abject poverty and hopelessness.This abuse that is experienced by Turtle does not quell Taylors lust for live and her belief in the goodness of people. She is not naive somewhat the dark side of people but chooses rather to hold firm to the friendships that she has formed with other women. In this way, she serves as an archetypal hero in the concomitant that she leaves her home and family, descends into poverty and hopelessness, exclusively to reemerge in wander to accomplish some good for the people around her specific ally, her new daughter Turtle and her friends from Guatemala, Esperanza and Estevan. She also serves as a unique and independent character in the fact that her happiness and her success does not verify upon the actions or assistance of men. The men that she does befriend, serve as a strictly platonic relationship and are not central to the intellectual make up of Taylor.Taylor learns to grow up fast as she is immediately a mother with a troubled and young child. What complicated and threatens her upbeat and optimistic look on life is when she becomes aware of the rent of immigrants and a system, in her mind, which has left them behind. This comes with the befriending of Esperanza once Taylor decides that the only job left to take is working at Matties tire barn. She cares for her child with the like tender heart that she cares for the plight of Estevan and Esperanza. Estevans outlook on life depends to shape Taylors as well. Estevan explains that in hell people do not help one another, but in heaven they do. Taylor takes to heart the troubles of others. In the end, receives as much from her friends as she gave. Even though Taylor is portrayed as an independent woman and a unalike type of heroine, she still requires the support that she gets from these people. In this way, her outlook on life is one that cannot be accommodate without good people surrounding her.Taylors outlook on life comes from social consciousness through the treatment of immigrants by the government and the injustice that, in her mind, shapes her opinion about social issues as it has the same effect on Kingsolver, the author of The Bean Trees. But in the end, her humor and optimistic outlook on life cannot help but be increased through her newfound sense of motherhood. It didnt seem to matter to Turtle, she was happy where she was. . . . She watched the dark highway and entertained me with her vegetable-soup song, except that now there were people compound in with the beans and potato es Dwayne Ray, Mattie, Esperanza, Lou Ann and all the rest. And me. I was the main ingredient. It has become established that Turtle finally defines Taylor as cosmos her true mother and the woman that has cared enough to take care of her when it was not convenient to do so.And lastly, the fact that Taylor now defines herself as being the main ingredient in the happiness and well being of Turtle, her only daughter is what keeps Taylor optimistic and upbeat in the fact of contributing factors that would cause the weaker individual to give in and become embittered by those experiences. The story ends with the reader being convinced that Taylor and Turtle will live a full and enjoyable life, despite the probability that there will be more troubles to come.WORKS CITEDKingsolver, Barbara. The Bean Trees. New York Harper Collins, 1988.

History and Treatment Recommendations of a Substance Abusing Individual Essay Example for Free

narration and Treatment Recomm dismissations of a burden Abusing Individual establishChemical Use Assessment/History and Treatment Recommendations Upon c areful review of Jay Ws mooring study, a customer who is potentially suffering from a substance ab implement disorder, it is deemed necessary to examine his history, pen a chemical use assessment, and devise a recommended treatment plan that leave behind determine his clinical needs. Upon assessing the client, it is vital that he be examined holistically for better reco genuinely results. Considering his uncanny, genetic, and psychosocial conditions will help to ensure a much accurate analysis of his authentic situation. Only then dirty dog it be determined if Jay W is in use, abuse, or an pilferive cycle. Reason for AssessmentDuring the case study of Jay W. it is noted that he was referred to my office by his parents for a clinical assessment. Once a commendable student with excellent grades, his grades began to dwindle after arrive at college. He eventually failed his initial year of college as a result of his poor grades. Jays parents don W. who is a neurosurgeon and his mother Beth W. who is a research scientist, is seeking help for their son be perform they are implicated that his heavy drink is the cause of his flunking. They believe that if he does not get help, it could real easy footing his future goals of becoming a chemical engineer. Sources of InformationDuring the verbal intake of Jay W.s case, his father weary W. and his mother Beth W. were present along with Jay W., to provide all of the details of his need for assessment. Secondary artificial lakes that has been carefully reviewed and utilize in making a determination includes, Doweiko, H. E. (2012). Concepts of chemical dependency (8th ed.). Belmont, CA Brooks/Cole. May, G. G. (1991). Addiction mildness screw and spirituality in the healing of dependances. New York HarperOne, Clinton, T., Hawkins, R. (2009). The quick-referenceguide to biblical counseling Personal and pop offed up issues. Grand Rapids, MI Baker Books. Hawkins, R. (2009). Theology and Addiction www.libertyuniversity.edu, Clinton, T. (2009). Addiction and Recovery www.libertyuniversity.edu.Background InformationJay W. was natural May 2, 1994, to Don and Beth W. The pregnancy was reportedly normal with no complications to the labor and delivery. Jay W. met all his modernisemental milest champions earlier and was described as an advanced baby. Jay reportedly excelled in school with needing very little effort to fight a straight-A report card, even in the ingenious and talented program. The current school year, he flunked out(p) of his first year in college. His parents are concerned about his drinking and how it appears to be interfering with his aspirations of be a chemical engineer. He states that he does not believe his drinking is the issue with his grades in college. kinda he assumes that boredom is the sole r eason that his grades are failing. He to a fault adds that his professors do not rightfully know as much as they stand for they do. He even reads sometimes he average does not feel like going to class because it is dumb. As stated by his parents, Jay began drinking at the age of 12 years old.He totaled his first fomite two weeks after his 16th birthday. Jay lost his drivers permit at that time and was charged with a DUI. Shortly after, Jay and twain of his parents began attention AA together, tho Jay dropped out after 3 months. Jay states he stopped going because, all they babble about is war stories. Jay does admit to blackouts, drinking more than he intends to, and does seem to recognize that many of his friends wear similar drinking patterns as he. He withal reports a recent break up with his young lady of 2 years. He states he truly loves this girl, unless she broke up with him because she doesnt like my friends. He reports spending an average of $75 a week on bee r, and his money does not always tolerate until the end of the month. He attributes that to his parents not giving him enough money. He states they only give him $1,000 a month. Jay states he is willing to come to counseling but does not think he has a drinking business, but he would like to figure out how to win his girlfriend back. Current StatusOut of reluctance, Jay has mulish to proceed with obtaining clinical treatment. He realizes that if he doesnt, his parents will no longer fund his college tuition. He withal admits to currently drinking at least a 12 pack of beer on the weekends. He qualifies his actions by mentioning that his friends assists him with drinking the beer. He also does admit that his weekends sometimes start on Thursdays and dont end until Mondays. He states that he does not believe his drinking is the issue with his grades in college. He states he vindicatory gets bored in classes and his professors do not really know as much as they think they do. He s tates sometimes he only when does not feel like going to class because it is dumb. Jay does admit to blackouts, drinking more than he intends to, and does seem to recognize that many of his friends lease similar drinking patterns as he. Indicators of Use/Abuse/DependencyAddiction can manifest in the form of obsessive or compulsive behaviors. Overtime, over indulgence can cause a dependency to obtain more of the animal(prenominal) or chemical substance. Behaviors that can produce fear and/or excitement are factors that can proceed to addictive behaviors (Doweiko, 2012). When there is an addiction, usually a manifestation of drug withdrawal symptoms will be evidenced when the source of addiction is absent. Abuse is usually evidenced when a substance is taken in disregard for directions or ones well-being (Doweiko, 2012). Attitudes and BehaviorAfter careful review of Jay W.s objective information found in his case study, it is apparent that Mr. W is in denial about his drinking pr oblem. He appears reluctant to obtain treatment and is nonchalant in his attitude and behavior. He admittingly says he stopped attending AA because, all they talk about is war stories. Upon further subjective analysis, it seems that my client views his drinking with an everybody else is doing it mentality. This is evidenced by his reference to drinking as a typical teenage behavior as well as his assertion that his parents overreacted to his suspended license because he has several friends who has lost theirs also as if its a normal thing to do. He also seems to be irresponsible for his actions and constantly shifts satanic on others for his current problems. He blames his parents for not giving him enough money alternatively of focusing onthe fact that he is spending at least 75$ a week on beer. He also shifts the blame of his failing school on the inability of his professors to engage him cognitively and even claims that the classes are dumb. Jay W. appears saddened by the loose ness with his girlfriend of 2 years and sincerely wants to win her back. As Dr. Clinton states in Addictions and Recovery the tragedy of addiction is that is destroys, individuals, families, and friendships (2009). Social FunctioningDrinking appears to be a social activity for Jay W. he states that his friends assist him with drinking the 12 pack case of beer that he usually buys on the weekend. He also has mentioned that several of his friends bear lost their licenses, implying that it is also a result of obtaining DUIs. Jay goes even further by acknowledging the fact that many of his friends stool similar drinking patterns as he does. Apparently his ex-girlfriend of two years had many complaints about the no-good company that he was keeping. Jay doesnt take heed and loses her through a breakup instead. gibe to Doweiko, the phthisis of alcoholic drink can interfere with ones social relationships by making preexisting ones worsened (2012). This is due to an adverse effect on j udgment which causes a lack of ascendancy of ones behavior. Irritability, black outs, and lying are only a few of the manifestations of alcohol addiction. The Psychosocial Models of Substance Use Disorders is another type of model of addiction. It is believed to be closely linked to the medical model (Doweko, 2012). It is proposed that addictions are learned behavior, poor psychosocial leaning, or the result of maladaptive thinking (Doiewko, 2012, p. 345), all in which are manifestations of a biological dysfunction. Occupational FunctioningJay W., although openly an intelligent guy (evidenced by his excellent grades in the gifted and talented program), has just flunked out of his first year of college. His future career goals are dwindling because of the cast out choices that he is making. Booze and negative social relationships gull become distractions that steered him off the path of success that he once embarked upon. A repetitive cycle of partying Thursday till Monday and t rying to maintain normalcy (crashing is also an option) Tuesday and Wednesday is ongoing. It is possible that he is traveling down the road ofaddiction. Those who are bound by abuse can live unfocused and disoriented lives. Over time, this can take to the woods to divorce, job loss, and even the loss of chela custody. Although drug abuse may be a one-time event, if one is not careful, the behavior can lead one down the path of addiction as in Jays case. It appears that he have a natural proclivity towards abuse and addiction because his father Don also had a drinking problem. Dr. Clinton tells us in the video presentation that some of the effects of addiction includes control problems, compulsiveness, narrowing focus, denial, tolerance and withdrawal (Clinton, 2009). We see many of these components in Jays occupational functioning. Financial AspectsWhen examining Jay Ws financial condition, it is obvious that he is mismanaging his money. His parents was giving him a 1,000 monthly s tipend, and he blew at least $75 per week of it on beer. His excessive spending habits have created a deficit towards necessary items. Instead of accepting responsibility for misappropriating funds, he blames his parents for not giving him enough money. intoxicant abuse often tends to cause make financial problems worse or both create new ones. Sadly, not only the maltreater can suffer financially, but oftentimes his or her immediate family suffers as well. This usually occurs when monetary restrictions are placed on the abuser/addict to control his or her spending. This can force the abuser to start borrowing elsewhere, stealing and/or selling others belongings to obtain money so that the addicted habit can be carry on (Doweko, 2012). Familial RelationshipsThe medical model of substance use disorders (SUD) have suggested that the dysfunction have occurred on either a cellular or molecular level and that one is biologically predisposed to alcoholism when he or she is exposed to certain environments (Doweko, 2012). Jay W. has been exposed to alcohol through his father Don who is a neurosurgeon. Jay peradventure saw how he was able to get drunk and yet go to work and carry on a seemingly normal life. Don was described by his wife Beth as a in operation(p) alcoholic, displaying heaving drinking patterns and binge drinking when he was not on call. Jays parents seems to be very supportive of him though. His father was willing to give up drinking and both he and his wife fall in AA along with Jay. Evenwhen he dropped out after 3 months, they continued going to both AA and Al-Anon. It also appears that Jay W. has a genetic predisposition of alcohol abuse/addiction. Both Beth and Don have fathers that were alcoholics. Various genes have been determine by researchers and believed to have an influence in predisposing individuals to substance use disorders. Jay W. familial relationship is starting signal to reveal the beginning stages of strain. He is claiming t hat they are overreacting and also accuses them of not giving them enough money. Often, family members of an alcohol abuser/addict report feelings of fear, shame, grief or other negative emotion when dealing with him or her (Doweiko, 2012). When the addict is confronted about their drinking behavior, conflict typically arises causing the familial relationship to be strained. Legal HistoryJay W is starting to have run ins with the law. According to his parents, he totaled his vehicle two weeks after his 16th birthday. This incident caused the police to get involved. Jay inevitably was charged with a DUI and his drivers license was revoked. His buddies seem to have frequent encounters with law enforcement. Jay has started to defend his and his friends behaviors and suggest that its typical. Jay is designate to misunderstand the story he finds himself in (Clinton Hawkins, 2009) he has become irrational in his behaviors by accusing his parents of overreacting to his license being revo ked. Health HistoryJay W. seems to have a pretty clean health history. Thus far, no incidents have been reported. When he was born on May 2, 1991 there were no complications to the labor and delivery. He was considered very advanced for his age due to the fact that he had met all his developmental milestones early. Alcoholism can cause both short-term and long-term problems. Some of the short-term manifestations includes diarrhea, poor coordination and judgment, insomnia, as well as hold up problems (Doweiko, 2012). Some of the long-term problems includes liver problems, cirrhosis of the liver, mental disorders, malnutrition, impotence, among a host of others (Doweiko, 2012). Spiritual HistoryThe spiritual model of addiction assumes that addiction is derived from a sickness of ones spirit that has possibly manifested in a physical manner. It is mankinds way of searching for something to feel a void and natural spring pain and or discontentment that can often come with daily living (Doweiko, 2012). It is Jays first year in college. Its possible that he wants to fit in and gain the approval of his peers instead of being a loner. Acceptance and the need to feel cool and included seems to have taken case law over anything else. Its how he gains his identity. He gets involved with the wrong group and starts being influenced by their unnatural ways. Now, hes saddened by the fact that his girlfriend has broken up with him. He has also just flunked out of his first year of college. All of these rock-bottom experiences can easily trigger the addiction cycle. It is characterized by pain, hitting bottom, seeking relief, use or do, feeling good, crashing, cycles back to pain, and then tolerance. It is obvious that Jay W. is starting to suffer this cycle of addiction. Alcohols deceptive illusion of giving Jay control and euphoria keeps him on the wheel.symptomatic ImpressionsFrom all that has been gleaned from Jay Ws case study, it is safe to say that he is at risk fo r development a substance use disorder. He is clearly on his way of having a drinking problem. Although he is displaying early problem alcohol usage if he is not careful, he could very well develop an addictive disorder. While evaluating Jay W to get a better diagnostic impression, it is necessary that I use the Psychopathy Checklist Revised (PCL-R) test on the client (Hawkins, 2009). This test is composed of three categories of assessment 1.) interpersonal or affective defects 2.) social deviance and 3.) additional items such as unstable relationships, etc (Hawkins, 2009). The PCL-R Test will provide a better analysis of root causes of the clients delinquent acts as well as to help identify prevailing risk factors. By identifying these risk factors, intervention strategies can be developed to counteract these risk factors. The following are a list of dynamic risk factors that has been identified and needs addressing problem solving/impulsivitypoor social/family relationshipsasocia l associates/attitudesalcohol substance abuseRecommendations found on the risk factors identified, the following recommendations have been made for Jay W. Problem solving/impulsivityHabitually, Jay W. will be anticipate to attend group therapy where he will learn to think through decisions before moving impulsively. He will be given various scenarios in which he will have to explain how he should handle those situations appropriately. Role-playing will be a part of his therapy. For example, instead of not going to class because they are boring, he can try to get in more advanced classes if they are available. It could be that hes bored because he is not being challenged enough. He will be expected to work through all possible options and their consequences before making a decision. Poor social/family relationshipsSince Jay W. ex-girlfriend seems to be a good influence on him, their relationship should be encouraged. A relationship coach will be provided to assist him with maintain ing healthy relationships. Hopefully, if all goes well, he will do what it takes to win her back (hanging around more positive people). Antisocial associates/attitudesJay W. will have access to a mentor who will confront his antisocial behaviors and attitudes and challenging him to participate in healthy functions and associating with positive people. The mentor will do habitual check-ins with the client and provide one on one time when needed to help him work through his feelings. Alcohol AbuseFrequent alcohol tests will be conducted on the client. If at any point alcohol is found in his system, he will be required to attend an alcohol rehabilitation program. According to Dr. Hawkins, recovery is an inside out issue requiring the Holy Spirit (Hawkins, 2009). In order for Jay W to function optimally, his human will must act in concert with divine will. (May, 1991, p.178). He needs to have a divine encounter with God so that he can know who he is through Christ. In Addiction and Grac e it is stated that the alignment of our will with Gods must line up at a heart level (May,1991, p.178). Jay must first admit that he has a problem and needs help.ReferencesClinton, T. (2009). Addiction and Recovery www.libertyuniversity.edu. Clinton, T., Hawkins, R. (2009). The quick-reference guide to biblical counseling Personal and emotional issues. Grand Rapids, MI Baker Books. Doweiko, H. E. (2012). Concepts of chemical dependency (8th ed.). Belmont, CA Brooks/Cole. Hawkins, R. (2009). Theology and Addiction www.libertyuniversity.edu May, G. G. (1991). Addiction grace Love and spirituality in the healing of addictions. New York HarperOne,

PharmaCARE Essay Example for Free

PharmaCARE EssayPharmaCARE (We CARE about YOUR wellness) is single of the creations most successful pharmaceutical companies, enjoying a reputation as a caring, ethical and well-run company that produced high-quality products that saved millions of lives and enhanced the quality of life for millions of others. The company offers free and discounted drugs to low-income consumers, has a base that sponsors healthcare educational programs and scholarships, and its CEO serves on the PhRMA board. PharmaCARE recently launched a new initiative, We CARE about YOUR world, pledging its commitment to the environment through recycling, packaging changes and other green initiatives, despite the fact that the companys lobbying efforts and PAC have successfully defeated environmental laws and regulations, including extension of the Superfund tax, which was created by Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and indebtedness Act (CERCLA). Based in New Jersey, PharmaCARE maintains a large manufacturing facility in the African soil of Colberia, where the company has found several healers eager to freely share information about indigenous cures and an abundance of Colberians willing to work for $1.00 a day, harvesting plants by walking five (5) miles into and out of the jungle carrying baskets that, when full, compress up to fifty (50) pounds. Due to the low standard of living in Colberia, much of the population lives in primitive huts with no electricity or running water. PharmaCAREs executives, however, live in a prodigality compound, complete with a swimming pool, tennis courts, and a golf course. PharmaCAREs extensive activities in Colberia have destroyed habitat and endangered native species. Two (2) years ago, after PharmaCAREs research indicated that unmatchable of its top-selling diabetes drugs might slow the progression of Alzheimers disease, its pharmacists began reformulating that drug to maximize the effect.In order to avoid FDA scrutiny, PharmaC ARE conventional a wholly-owned subsidiary, CompCARE, to operate as a compounding pharmacy to sell the new formulation to individuals on a prescription basis. CompCARE set up shop in a suburban office position near its parents headquarters, and to conserve money and time, did a quick, low-cost renovation and designated Allen Jones to run the procedures clean room. CompCARE benefited from PharmaCAREs reputation, databases, networks, and sales and marketing expertise, and within six (6) months had the medical community abuzz about AD23. Demand soared, particularly among Medicare,Medicaid, and VA patients. Seeing the opportunity to realize even more profit, CompCARE began advertising its operate and the availability of AD23 to consumers and marketing the drug directly to hospitals, clinics, and physician offices, even though compounding pharmacies are not supposed to sell drugs in bulk for general use. To get around this technicality, CompCARE encouraged doctors to fax in lists of b ogus patient names.As production increased and hours were extended, one of Allens techs pointed out what appeared to be tempt around the job vents. Allen immediately contacted the facilities supervisor, who came over to inspect the lab. As time went on, workers began coughing, sneezing, and getting headaches at work, and one employee, Donna, who had a perfect attendance nature, got so sick she could no longer come to work payable to chronic bronchial problems. Eventually, she filed for workers compensation. Allens best supervisor, Tom, threatened to complain to OSHA about the air quality in the lab, and one of the techs, Ayesha, filed an EEOC complaint alleging she had not been promoted to supervisor because she was a Muslim in fact, although Ayesha was a very good worker, Allen did not believe she had the management or people skills necessary to be a good supervisor.Allen discussed these issues with his boss, the Director of Operations, who told Allen that if he wants to go on his job and receive his promised bonus, he needs to fire Donna, Tom, and Ayesha, and keep his own mouth shut about the mold and the bogus prescriptions. As CompCARE and its parent company enjoyed record profits and PharmaCAREs stock price approached $300 per share, reports started filtering in that people who received AD23 seemed to be scathe heart attacks at an alarming rate.The company ignored this data and continued filling large orders and paying huge bonuses to all the executives and managers, including Allen, who, after being named Employee of the Year, was beginning to miss production schedules due not sole(prenominal) to his staffs increasing use of sick leave, but also his own health issues. PharmaCARE exchange CompCARE to WellCo, a large drugstore chain, just weeks before AD23 was publicly linked to over 200 cardiac deaths. Both PharmaCARE and WellCo saw their stock price plummet.

Business Model of Amazon Essay Example for Free

Business case of virago Essayvirago.com is the pi onenessering entertainstore on the Internet that first open up in July 1995 by Jeff Bezos. The solid offers online shopping services and partnership opportunities much(prenominal) as online search for books, music and video items. The products that they sell embarrass an array of audio, video and book titles. amazon has one of the widest picks and employs external shipping to virtually every ceding back of the globe in just a few days. Amazons guidance is having the biggest selection of free-electronic greeting cards, online auction bridge and millions of books, CDs, videos, DVDs, toys and electronics. They accept expand to different areas of the world, such as Amazon.co.uk and Amazon.de, to service consumers outside of the United States. They mystify to be a Cost leader in which their firm has lower costs than the competitors. They have employed different Amazon branches in different parts of the world to lower c osts. This allows Amazon to ship their products at a lower price from each point of shipment to the consumer.In new-make years, Amazon.com has expanded from be just an online bookstore to an all around online shopping experience. They have coined the tag line Earths biggest selection. Amazon has diversified into different websites. These are the Internet Movie Database (www.imdb.com), LiveBid.com, amazon.livebid.com, drugstore.com (an online retail and in stratumation about health and wellness), gear.com (online sporting goods political party), homegrocer.com (online grocery shopping and auction pitch), pets.com (largest pet supply online shopping site), ashford.com (online luxury and premium shopping) and eZiba.com (online retailer of handcrafted products). quint Forces Model for Industry AnalysisNew EntrantsThe online bookstore industry that Amazon.com has pioneered in was, at first, very ruffianly to penetrate. There were different barriers such as distributing capabilitie s and the variety of the selection offered that are supposed to be hurdled. Amazon successfully solved the tricky parameters as being the first one to get into the whole root of online retail. With being the first, they had the luxury to set what were the norms for the industry. Factors that may lower these barrier tactics would be a wider selection and theability to go to an actual bookstore to exchange or return books or other products. This earnings of actual retail spaces makes it easier for the consumer to return or exchange the products they were not satisfied with. These handicaps of Amazon were the basis for the exit of book retail giants Barnes and impressive and Borders in the online shopping industry. Industry CompetitorsThe study competitors of Amazon are Barnes and Noble and Borders. Barnes and Noble is a retail giant offering books and CDs both in their outlets all over the country. It opened their online industry in 1997 and has become the fourth largest e-commer ce sites today. Focused largely on the sale of books, music, software, magazines, prints, posters, and related products, the company has capitalized on the recognized brand value of the Barnes Noble name to become the second largest, and one of the sudden growing, online distributors of books. Their advantage to Amazon is the brand name and the availability of actual retail outlets in which consumers could go in to exchange or return products easily. They also have an established book selection based in their retail operations.Borders is another multi-media retail store found in major cities around the country. Started out as a small bookshop in the college town of Ann Arbor, Michigan, it has since expanded into one of the finest bookstores. In 1992, Borders was bought by the Kmart multitude which further flourished the company into a Multi Media Giant with a wide selection of Audio, Video and Books found end-to-end the United States. The Online Bookstore industry have become a fierce credit line which involves discounts, varied selections and fast delivery in which all three companies are challenging each other. BuyersThe consumers of this industry can be found in every corner of the population. These are aboutly people who have had some form of higher education and have entry to the Internet and computers. The segment of online shoppers has increased dramatically in recent years due to the convenience of shopping in the comforts of the home and the accessibility of the Internet. These developments have made it easier for consumers to log on and buy on the Internet.Consumers also tend to compare prices among the retail leaders such that buyers are able to buy products with very bigdiscounts compared to ones bought in actual retail outlets. The bargaining advocator of the consumer is based on the competitive strategies of each active firm in the industry. Thus, consumers can challenge one firm for charging more than the other one such that the firm go forth beat the price of the competing firm. SuppliersAmazons suppliers range from the publishing and media houses to electronics manufacturers. Amazon buys all their books, videos and audio CDs from the multi media houses and publishing giants such as m Warner, Doubleday etc. Amazon also has alliances with other bookstores to cover orders that they cannot serve. SubstitutesThe substitutes for Amazon and other online bookstores are the actual book retailers and music stores such as Barnes and Nobles, Virgin Megastore, Tower Records, Sam Goody and other small mom-and-pop outlets. With the rising of online retail, there will be little impact from these substitutes. One impact would be some consumers who would deal to hold or listen to their purchases prior to buying and those who are into the whole shopping experience. Barnes and Nobles have jumped into online retail and have succeeded into diversifying into the new e-commerce industry. Industrial Organization ModelDegree of chall engerDue to the shift of focus for Amazon, it has become the Earths biggest anything store. Its competitors have expanded from just online book retailers Barnes and Nobles and Borders to top audio retailers CDNOW.com and online auction house EBAY.com. Amazon has an overall lead of 40% mart share against the other online retail firms. Their international business has more than doubled over the past 2 years and this growth increased Amazons share in the online business mart. Life CycleAmazon, in its first years, had invalidating income but the rise of e-commerce sites and being the pioneer made the succeeding years led to boom era for them. Their growth period was during 1994 to 1995 when they were the first of its kind in the world. They incurred very high costs in basis of scatterings to customers. Still with a negative income, Amazon went public in 1997 and had one of the biggest IPOs of the time. With targetors banking on future validatory cash flow for this company, Amazons market value soared. Many people caught on with the root of online shopping, thus, Amazons success. Amazons success as an online retailer prompted bricks-and-mortar rivals Barnes and Noble and Borders to join in. Competition decreased Amazons profitability so in the past couple of years, Amazon has expanded to more than books, audio and video to electronics and other retail concepts. Social RelevanceAmazons products are marketed for every consumer possible. Books, audio, video and electronics are appreciated by majority of the population especially those who have access to the Internet. Amazon is active in pursuing literacy programs for young children by collaborating with the makers of the Dr. Seuss books. They have actively participated in the Dr. Seuss shops, fib telling sessions and Dr. Seuss days. Degree of GlobalizationAmazons strength internationally lies within its net doings in major ports and cities around the Globe. Amazon first started out in Seattle but as soon as th ey have established a niche market, they have opened shop all over the nation and in cities such as London, Berlin, The Hague, Paris, Tokyo, Singapore and many more. These branches overseas improves their delivery service to a wide consumer base. consequence of Government ControlThere has not been many government regulations regarding online retailing. A group of CEOs whose firms that are prosecute in such practices have formed an organization called Global Business Dialogue. This GBD group supports the development of a seamless global system that delivers the broadest array of goods and services to the largest number of consumers at the most competitive prices. This work effort will offer recommendations to the WTO, including making the moratorium on online tariffs permanent and collaborate with governments to target and eliminate discriminations against, or other non-tariff barriers to global trade in, electronic commerce. This working group will also provide an bridle-path for the GBDs to consider and promote thegrowth of the electronic marketplace in an environment unencumbered by prejudicious taxation. Degree of Vertical IntegrationAmazons primary value chain includes purchasing/sourcing, marketing, distribution and after-sales services, which includes returns and exchanges from unsatisfied customers. Their main focus is in the purchasing/sourcing and in the distribution of the products to the consumers. Their investments are therefore, geared towards warehouses in key points of high consumer demand areas and an efficient delivery and distributing system to service all its consumers. Thus, Amazon controls most of its distributing system that spans across borders. Inter Organization of Ne dickensrk EconomicsAmazon in its efforts to sustain its market leadership in the online retailing industry has tied up with various online organizations. Netscape Navigator and Amazon will offer members of Netscape Netcenter a co-branded storefront where Earths Bigges t Bookstore will be easily accessed through Netscape Netcenter (home.netscape.com). In addition, Amazon.com has multi-year sole(a) and premier bookseller relationships with 5 of the top 6 sites on the World Wide Web AOL.com, Yahoo, Netscape, GeoCities, and Excite. These partnerships unwrap Amazons presence in the World Wide Web. Sensitivity to Business CyclesThe Online retailing business has a very quick cyclical growth. Amazon being one of the firsts to venture in this showcase of commerce are all ready in what seems to be in their decline stage where market share is declining. Therefore, Amazon is expanding to different industries within online retailing. Amazon and other online retailing firms are very slender to business cycles due to the speed of technology involved in the services they offer. Dynamics of New familiarity GenerationOnline retailing relies on the work of an excellent distribution system. Amazon has invested their money into expanding their network of distrib ution centers around the globe. They also have investments in creating better technology for tracking orders and giving efficient delivery systems for their customers. Amazon.com has remained on top of the online retailingbusiness despite the entrance of giants such as Barnes and Nobles and Borders. Their success is attributed to two factors timing and continuing to invest heavily into the inventory and distribution systems. Amazon, by being the first of its kind, has a big lead over the nearest competitors due to their experience and its reputation as the first movers.Their punch remains on improving efficient delivery systems across borders and to build name recognition as the number one retailing firm in the Internet. They have also ventured into different retail options to encumber that lead. Marketing, Innovative inventory and distribution systems, and name recall have helped Amazon build a sustainable competitive advantage. In order for any online retail company to remain pr osperous and income generating, they must invest a lot of time and money into research and development of more efficient operations and distributions systems. This turn up to be key for the Market Leader in online retailing, Amazon.Com. Mary Grace Velasco,College of Business Administration,Senior, Fordham University,Fall 2000